What is the primary goal of wastewater treatment?

The primary goal of wastewater treatment encompasses various objectives that collectively work towards improving the quality of water before it is released back into the environment. Each of the individual goals mentioned plays a critical role in this process.

Reducing biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is essential because high BOD levels indicate a large amount of organic matter in the water, which can deplete oxygen in receiving water bodies, harming aquatic life. By treating wastewater to lower BOD, we are helping to maintain healthy ecosystems.

Eliminating pathogens is another vital goal since untreated wastewater can contain harmful microorganisms that pose risks to human health and the environment. Effective wastewater treatment processes prioritize the removal or inactivation of these pathogens to safeguard public health.

Removing odors is important as well, as untreated wastewater often emits unpleasant smells due to the breakdown of organic material. Tackling odor issues contributes to better community relations and overall quality of life.

Therefore, when combined, these goals reflect the comprehensive objectives of wastewater treatment aimed at protecting both human health and environmental integrity. Each goal contributes to a broader strategy, which is why the answer encompasses all the options listed.