Which type of ions are attracted to cathodes in electrochemical reactions?

In electrochemical reactions, the cathode is the electrode where reduction occurs, meaning that it gains electrons. Cations, which are positively charged ions, are attracted to the cathode because opposite charges attract each other. When cations approach the cathode, they accept electrons and undergo a reduction process, which is essential for the flow of electricity in electrochemical cells. This process not only supports the overall reaction taking place but also can lead to the deposition of substances on the cathode, depending on the specific electrochemical reaction.

On the other hand, anions are negatively charged ions, and they migrate towards the anode where oxidation occurs. Neutral particles do not have any charge and are not influenced by electric fields in the same way as ions. Radicals, while they can participate in chemical reactions, do not specifically relate to the attraction at the cathode in electrochemical contexts. Understanding the behavior of charged particles in these reactions is fundamental to the operation of batteries, electrolytic cells, and various wastewater treatment processes, thereby highlighting the importance of recognizing the role of cations at the cathode.